Device for coring, dividing, and condensing ingots of cruciform crosssection



I. URBANIAK 2,078,702 G, DIVIDING, AND CONDENSINGP' CRUCIFORM CROSS SECTION "DEVICE FOR CORIN INGOTS OF Original Filed NOV. 11, 1955 April 27, .1937.

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DEVICE FOR CORING, DIVIDING, AND CON- DENSING INGOTS OF CRUCIFORM CROSS- SECTION Ignatz Urbaniak, Hindenburg, Germany Original application November 11, 1935, Serial No. 49,232. Divided and this application May 25, 1936, Serial No. 81,691.

vember 20, 1934 5 Claims.

For the removal of the defective core portion formed by shrinkage in metal and steel ingots, it is well known to divide the ingot along the core and to remove the defective parts by means of a suitable cutting tool.

It has also been proposed to give the ingot a cruciform cross-section, in which case the wings alone are cut away for use, the defective core portion being discarded. This method is not economical, since it does not allow all the usable material to be divided off from the defective core.

The object of the present invention is to obtain an apparatus whereby ingots of cruciform crosssection can be conveniently cored, divided and condensed, and the invention consists essentially in'the provision of a press which may either be hydraulic or operated mechanically or electrically and which comprises coaxial, plunger-operated heads and a two-part die structure of a crosssection substantially equal to that of the ingot controlled by said heads, a plunger-operated punch of a cross-section equal to that of the area bounded by the wing portions of the die structure being arranged in position to be driven in axial direction through the die structure and through the centre of the ingot enclosed therein, while a plunger-operated counter punch, which acts through the die structure and which is coaxial with and of equal cross-section to the former punch, is operated to apply counter pressure to the ingot.

The counter punch is initially employed for closing the opening of the die structure and is retracted for the discharge of the extruded core.

Further novel features of the invention will be found in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the hydraulic press showing the die structure in section,

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of the press,

Figs. 3 and 3a are sectional views at right angles to each other of the ingot,

Figs. 4 and 4a are sectional views at right angles to each other of the dies and of the precompressed ingot,

Figs. 5 and 5a are sectional views at right angles to each other of dies and ingot showing the position of the elements just before the ejection of the core,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional View of the punch,

Fig. 7 is an end view of the punch,

Fig. 8 is a section on the line VIII-VTJI of Fig. 6,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the extruded core,

In Germany No- Figs. 10 and 10a represent a cross-section and a side elevation respectively of the ingot just before the ejection of the core,

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the wing sections of the ingot after the extrusion of the core, and

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the finished and separated wing sections.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the two coaxial parts I and la of a hydraulic press are controlled, one by plungers 8, 9 and I6 working in cylinders 2, 3 and 4 respectively, and the other by plungers M, 2 and I3 working in cylinders 5, 6 and 1 respectively. Two co-operating dies 20 and 2| are secured to the two parts of the press, one to each, and form together when assembled a die structure of cruciform cross-section. The vertically disposed wings of the die space are bounded in vertical direction by press members 22 and 23 which are controlled, one by auxiliary plungers i l, l5 and I6 and the other by auxiliary plungers l1, l8 and I9. One set of auxiliary plungers are accommodated within the plungers 8, 9 and I0 respectively, and the other set within the plungers l I, I2 and i3 respectively. The auxiliary plungers operate independently of the plungers within which they are accommodated and serve as means for ejecting the finished ingot sections from the dies.

For the extrusion of the defective core portion of the ingot 3 3 which, like the die structure, is of cruciform cross-section, there is a laterally disposed press cylinder 24 mounted on a base 26 and fitted with a plunger 25. A head 35 at the end of the plunger forms the extruding punch. It has a prismatic body portion of substantially square cross-section which fits the cross-sectional area of the die structure bounded by the wings.

Opposite the press cylinder 24, at the other side of the press, there is a press cylinder 21 mounted on a base 32. A plunger 28 in this cylinder has a head 33 which is of the same cross-section as the head 35 and which forms a counter punch. The latter projects through an aperture 33a in a counter plate M which is carried by plungers 29 and 39 so that it can be moved to and fro by the latter. The plate 3| and the punch 33 serve during the initial stage of the punching process, as closing members for the dies 20, 2|, the punch 33 being subsequently retracted to allow the core to be ejected through the aperture 33a of the plate M. The length of the ejected core portion 36 is about one quarter to one fifth of the total length of the ingot and is of the same cross-section as the punch.

In Figs. 3 to 50. the individual steps of the method of coring, dividing, and condensing the ingot 34 are illustrated. Figs. 3 and 3a are cross-sections at right angles to each other of an ingot of cruciform cross-section wherein, however, the edges and corners are stronglyrounded oiT. The ingot, the shrinkage cone of which is shown at 36, is placed between the dies 20, 2t.

as indicated in Figs. 4, 4a, with the shrinkage cone situated at the end opposite to that which faces the plunger 25. Thetwo-part'die structure is thereupon closed, an operation which causes the ingot tobe condensed .and the shrinkage cone to be narrowed as shown at 3601:. The salient edges 2% and 2ibof the dies are formed of steel bars of square or other suitable crosssection the better to resist the wear to which they are subjected. These bars may be exchangeable.

, The punch is thereupon driven through the ingot betweenthe dies 26 and 2!, as shown in Fig. 5, so that the metal will be forced into the wing portions of the die structure and condensed in the latter while the defective core portion of the ingot will be compressed in forward direction, the shrinkage cone taking substhn tially the form shown at 3521. In this operation the ingot will be divided into four sections which are free from defects and which, after the opening out of the die structure, can be ejected by means of the press members 22 and 23. 'In Figs. 6, 7 and 8 the punch 35 is illustrated on an enlarged scale. It comprises a body portion of substantially square cross-section fitted at the front With a conical nose piece 35a having round cross-section and a rounded tip. This nose piece serves for driving the metal in lateral direction into the wings 2D and 2| of the die structure. At the opposite end of the body portion there is a truncated, pyramidal tail piece 35b bymeans of which'the punch head is fitted in a correspondingly shaped socket in the end of the operating plunger 25. The plunger itself is of round cross-section and is formed with 5 longitudinal grooves 25b for engagement with guide members adapted to prevent rotary displacement of the punch. The pyramidal shape of the tail piece 35b enables the punch to detach itself readily from the plunger 25 so that it can be ejected from the press together with the extruded core portion which meanwhile has assumed the form 360 shown in Fig. 9. However, if the plunger should happen to stick to the punch, the latter can easily be ejected therefrom by means of a rod 25a which is slidably accommodated within the hollow plunger. The latter is, as shown in Fig. 7, of slightly smaller diameter than the punch head so that it can be moved through the ingot without friction.

Figs. 10 and 10a show the form given to the ingot 34 after the condensing method has proceeded as far as shown in Figs. 5 and 5a. Apart from the extrusion of the core portion of the ingot, the operation of the punch has the effect of dividing the wings into separate ingot sections 31, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The top and bottom .sections of the ingot are ejected from the dies by means of the press members 22 and 23 under the influence of the plungers I4, 15, l6, l7, l8 and 19.

The contracted form of press obtained by the novel arrangement, brings about a considerable saving of space. The base members 26 and 32, are mounted on supports which are let into the ground. a

The embodiment of the invention hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings may be subjected to modifications within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

This application is a division of my application No. 49,232, November 11, 19 35. V

I claim:

1. A device for coring, dividing and condensing metal and steel ingots having a centre portion and wings forming together with said portion a structure of cruciform cross-section, comprising a press having coaxial, plunger-operated heads, a two-part die structure of a cross-section substantially equal to that of the ingot controlled by said heads, a plunger operated punch of a cross-section equal to the cross-sectional area bounded by the wing portions of the 'die structure arranged in position to be driven in axial direction through the die structure and through the centre of the ingot enclosed therein, and a plunger-operated counter punch coaxial With and of equal cross-section to the former punch operated to apply counter pressure to the ingot, the die structure having openings for admitting the punches.

2. A structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the die structure comprises a pair of press members arranged in diametrically opposite wings of the structure, one in each die section, and limiting the die space in outward direction, and independently operative plungers controlling 'said press members. I

3. A structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the internal salient edges of the die structure are reinforced with detachable steel'members.

4. A structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the driving punch comprises a prismatic head, a conical nose piece on said head having a rounded tip, and a truncated, pyramidal tail piece on said head for detachable connection to its operating plunger.

.5. A structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the driving punch has a head which is detachable from its operating plunger, and means in said plunger for ejecting the head from the latter. 1

IGNATZ URBANIAK. 

